Live Dunyanews

History of Time Zones

History of Time Zones

Time Zones were created to synchronize time all across the world. Believe it or not, until about the 19th century there were no central time standards. Every town, city or location kept their own time and usually stayed in sync thanks to a clock tower or large clock placed somewhere accessible to all.

Many different tools were used to measure time, including the pendulum clock which was first created in the 17th century. People still used the sun, as it rose and set, to measure the time of day.
However, in 1764 John Harrison -- an English horologist -- made a big discovery. He realized that clocks could be used to discern the location of a ship at sea. Even better, he realized it could be done much more accurately than any current measurements they were using at the time. Thanks to his discovery the Act 5 George III -- or the Longitude Act -- was adopted to draw up the concept of longitude we still use today.
Although this addressed some issues regarding time and made it easier to locate ships out at sea, many places around the world continued to use the sun's movements as their standard for timekeeping. As you can imagine, this caused quite a bit of fuss when railways were adopted and telecommunications became popular.
American railroads, in particular, ran into a lot of issues in the 1800s, as each train station operated independently -- all of them used their own time standard. It's not difficult to understand why this would be a problem, especially considering trains were meant to run on a schedule and both depart and arrive at specific times.
The Library of Congress was required to keep track of well over 300 different local times and travelers would need to be mindful of each one during travel. The railroad committees and managers tried to remedy this by slimming it down to 100 different time zones, but ultimately that didn't solve anything.
So, four standard time zones were chosen for the continental United States and put into effect on November 18, 1883. By that time Britain had already adopted their own time standards, using the Greenwich Meridian as their point of origin.

The International Meridian Conference

Held in October, 1884 in Washington DC -- in the United States -- the International Meridian Conference discussed a proposal that would see the Greenwich Meridian as the "Prime" meridian and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) as the entire world's time standard. All time zones in the world would refer to the GMT zone and the prime meridian to ensure a fully synchronized time standard. Since then we've used the form of time zones we have today.
This is also where the international 24-hour time system comes from.

How to remove shortcut virus undefined

 

How to remove Shortcut virus:

                   Many of us or very familiar with this virus, it creates shortcut files on the name of the folders and sub-folders. Anti-virus won’t detect this type of virus. Virus makers are very clever as they write a simple executable code which will use all the system resources.

                 Manually we have to remove this type of virus.

Step by Step Procedure to remove Shortcut virus:

·         Copy the below script to NOTEPAD, and save the file as TOOL.bat in the the local drives.

attrib -s -h -r autorun.inf

del autorun.inf

md autorun.inf

attrib +s +h +r autorun.inf

attrib -s -h -r RECYCLER

rd /s RECYCLER

copy /y NUL RECYCLER

attrib +s +h +r RECYCLER

cacls /P autorun.inf everyone:N

cacls /P RECYCLER everyone:N

·         Double click the .bat file, and it will remove the virus files in all the local drives and will create RECYCLER file and autorun.inf folder. As the original virus files are of the same name, by creating a dummy file and folder the virus script cannot create virus generating folders.

·         Finally go the below path and type dir/ah

Path:       

D:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming>  dir/ah

              It will show you hidden attribute files, if u suspect any .exe unkown file then use the below scripting to remove the file

1)      If you find and unwanted file in roaming  folder then use the below script by saving it as a .bat file and paste it in the  in the below path

 attrib -s -h -r FILENAME

del FILENAME

md FILENAME

attrib +s +h +r FILENAME

2)      If you find and unwanted file in roaming file then use the below script by saving it as a .bat file and paste it in the  below path:

 attrib -s -h -r FOLDERNAME

rd /s FOLDERNAME

copy /y NUL R FOLDERNAME

attrib +s +h +r  FOLDERNAME

        If still u find the unwanted files or folders in the above path, login in the safe mode and run the above script according to the above steps.

Finally, the root for the virus will be removed by following the above steps, but the shortcut files which are already created will not be removed.

To recover the hidden data using the below script

D:\>dir/ah

Use the above command for displaying the hidden files in u r pen drive or storage drive.

D:\>attrib -s -h -r filename

Enter the hidden file names u want to recovery

2G vs 3G undefined undefined

2G vs 3G undefined undefined

 

Let us know briefly about what is 2g and 3g and what are the secrets inside:-

         We are very familier with the below words

1. GPRS
2. EDGE
3. UMTS
4. WCDMA
5. 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G

             But interesting thing is that many of us dont know the difference of them. We will go to the market and we will purchase a 3g mobile but many of them dont know that 3g mobile with out 3.5G technology only supports data speed upto 368kbps. So, it is very important for us to know the difference between the above basic terms before purchasing a mobile.

	2G GPRS	2.5G EDGE	3G UMTS	3.5G WCDMS/HSDPA
Dowload Speed   up to	144kbps	238kbps	368kbps	21mbps

             For video calling 3G network with 368 kbps is enough. If u want to go for internet browsing at high speed 3.5g is needed.

            Many of the network providers providing 2g plan and 2g speed with 3g signal, If u need internet only for browsing u can go for 2g plan with 3g signal. eventhough it is 144 kbps it is very good for browsing when u go with 3g signal.