History of Time Zones

History of Time Zones

Time Zones were created to synchronize time all across the world. Believe it or not, until about the 19th century there were no central time standards. Every town, city or location kept their own time and usually stayed in sync thanks to a clock tower or large clock placed somewhere accessible to all.

Many different tools were used to measure time, including the pendulum clock which was first created in the 17th century. People still used the sun, as it rose and set, to measure the time of day.
However, in 1764 John Harrison -- an English horologist -- made a big discovery. He realized that clocks could be used to discern the location of a ship at sea. Even better, he realized it could be done much more accurately than any current measurements they were using at the time. Thanks to his discovery the Act 5 George III -- or the Longitude Act -- was adopted to draw up the concept of longitude we still use today.
Although this addressed some issues regarding time and made it easier to locate ships out at sea, many places around the world continued to use the sun's movements as their standard for timekeeping. As you can imagine, this caused quite a bit of fuss when railways were adopted and telecommunications became popular.
American railroads, in particular, ran into a lot of issues in the 1800s, as each train station operated independently -- all of them used their own time standard. It's not difficult to understand why this would be a problem, especially considering trains were meant to run on a schedule and both depart and arrive at specific times.
The Library of Congress was required to keep track of well over 300 different local times and travelers would need to be mindful of each one during travel. The railroad committees and managers tried to remedy this by slimming it down to 100 different time zones, but ultimately that didn't solve anything.
So, four standard time zones were chosen for the continental United States and put into effect on November 18, 1883. By that time Britain had already adopted their own time standards, using the Greenwich Meridian as their point of origin.

The International Meridian Conference

Held in October, 1884 in Washington DC -- in the United States -- the International Meridian Conference discussed a proposal that would see the Greenwich Meridian as the "Prime" meridian and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) as the entire world's time standard. All time zones in the world would refer to the GMT zone and the prime meridian to ensure a fully synchronized time standard. Since then we've used the form of time zones we have today.
This is also where the international 24-hour time system comes from.

How to remove shortcut virus undefined

 

How to remove Shortcut virus:

                   Many of us or very familiar with this virus, it creates shortcut files on the name of the folders and sub-folders. Anti-virus won’t detect this type of virus. Virus makers are very clever as they write a simple executable code which will use all the system resources.

                 Manually we have to remove this type of virus.

Step by Step Procedure to remove Shortcut virus:

·         Copy the below script to NOTEPAD, and save the file as TOOL.bat in the the local drives.

attrib -s -h -r autorun.inf

del autorun.inf

md autorun.inf

attrib +s +h +r autorun.inf

attrib -s -h -r RECYCLER

rd /s RECYCLER

copy /y NUL RECYCLER

attrib +s +h +r RECYCLER

cacls /P autorun.inf everyone:N

cacls /P RECYCLER everyone:N

·         Double click the .bat file, and it will remove the virus files in all the local drives and will create RECYCLER file and autorun.inf folder. As the original virus files are of the same name, by creating a dummy file and folder the virus script cannot create virus generating folders.

·         Finally go the below path and type dir/ah

Path:       

D:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming>  dir/ah

              It will show you hidden attribute files, if u suspect any .exe unkown file then use the below scripting to remove the file

1)      If you find and unwanted file in roaming  folder then use the below script by saving it as a .bat file and paste it in the  in the below path

 attrib -s -h -r FILENAME

del FILENAME

md FILENAME

attrib +s +h +r FILENAME

2)      If you find and unwanted file in roaming file then use the below script by saving it as a .bat file and paste it in the  below path:

 attrib -s -h -r FOLDERNAME

rd /s FOLDERNAME

copy /y NUL R FOLDERNAME

attrib +s +h +r  FOLDERNAME

        If still u find the unwanted files or folders in the above path, login in the safe mode and run the above script according to the above steps.

Finally, the root for the virus will be removed by following the above steps, but the shortcut files which are already created will not be removed.

To recover the hidden data using the below script

D:\>dir/ah

Use the above command for displaying the hidden files in u r pen drive or storage drive.

D:\>attrib -s -h -r filename

Enter the hidden file names u want to recovery

2G vs 3G undefined undefined

2G vs 3G undefined undefined

 

Let us know briefly about what is 2g and 3g and what are the secrets inside:-

         We are very familier with the below words

1. GPRS
2. EDGE
3. UMTS
4. WCDMA
5. 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G

             But interesting thing is that many of us dont know the difference of them. We will go to the market and we will purchase a 3g mobile but many of them dont know that 3g mobile with out 3.5G technology only supports data speed upto 368kbps. So, it is very important for us to know the difference between the above basic terms before purchasing a mobile.

	2G GPRS	2.5G EDGE	3G UMTS	3.5G WCDMS/HSDPA
Dowload Speed   up to	144kbps	238kbps	368kbps	21mbps

             For video calling 3G network with 368 kbps is enough. If u want to go for internet browsing at high speed 3.5g is needed.

            Many of the network providers providing 2g plan and 2g speed with 3g signal, If u need internet only for browsing u can go for 2g plan with 3g signal. eventhough it is 144 kbps it is very good for browsing when u go with 3g signal.

Calculating UPS/INVERTER Battery Backup

Calculating UPS/INVERTER Battery Backup

           
Before calculating the Battery Backup, let us know a few factors that vary battery backup.
For and UPS with 875Va we can us a maximum load of 640 watts
                             677Va we can us a maximum load of 540 watts
     The main thing we have understand is that what ever may be the UPS wattage the battery backup will not vary. The battery backup will only vary depending on the battery Ah and the Usage Load.

              To calculate UPS backup, We have a simple formula.

                      UPS Backup = Battery Ah * (Volts/Load) * (1/Powerfactor)

Example:        Let us calculate the backup for a system UPS

                  Load is the usage power, suppose we are running a PC then the load is around 300 watts
       
                  Power Factor varies for device to device, the average power factor is 1.4

                  Voltage is the voltage of the battery.
                                 For a single battery the voltate is 12v.
                                 If the batteries are connected in a series   Voltage = 12 * no. of batteries.

                  Battery Ah is the battery ampere used for the ups,
                                      System UPS battery AH is 7

                     Then   Battery Backup =  7 * (12/300) * (1/1.4)
                                                        =  7 * (0.04) * (0.7)
                                                        =   0.19 hours
                                                        =    19 Minutes

Note:    You can use the same formula for calculating the battery backup for home UPS or an INVERTER.    

How to Reduce Electricity

How to Reduce Electricity

Reducing Electricity Bill:

                    A 100 watt device with Low POWER FACTOR consumes more power then a device with high power factor. Many of us will think that if 2 devices with same rated power will consume the same power. But the power consumption depends up on the power factor.

POWER FACTOR:

   Power factor of an AC power system is defined as the ratio of real power flowing to the load to the apparent power.
          Real Power is the power required for the device to do the job
          Apparent Power is the power consumed by the device to do the job.

Example:            If an electric motor need 500 wats to do the job. But actually It consumes 700 to perform
                    its job.
                   The remaining 200 watts will be wasted in the form of heat and is of no use.

            So, to save electricity and to reduce electricity bill, we have to reduce the wastage of unwanted power consumption.

           Now a days most of the manufacturers are using appropriate CAPACITORS used for the device, this is one of the way why energy star rated devices get such good mileage.

CONCLUSION:

• Power Savers merges the cosine spikes in electrical waveform resulting in less spike height, so they can save bills a bit. They are simply plugged into wall plug and they do that by help of a capacitor. There are some indicator lights in the device which does nothing but just shows power ok. It can save power around 10% actually.

• Only inductive loads produce cosine waves and it can be useful in cases of electric heaters, air conditioners, electrical motors, induction cookers, etc.

Power Saver Simple Circuit:

          To design a Simple Power Saver You just need a capacitor of 5-10µF of 220V or 440V according to your area grid voltage is 110V or 220V. For this, I’d recommend buying the oil based capacitors that are used in ceiling fans. They are just 2.5µF, so you need to parallel 2 to 4 capacitors. After that, just connect them into plug and see it works.

Increasing Mobile / Laptop Battery life

Increasing Mobile / Laptop Battery life 

 

  Unlike NiCad batteries, lithium-ion batteries do not have a charge memory. That means deep-discharge cycles are not required. In fact, it’s better for the battery to use partial-discharge cycles.

There is one exception. Battery experts suggest that after 30 charges, you should allow lithium-ion batteries to almost completely discharge. Continuous partial discharges create a condition called digital memory, decreasing the accuracy of the device’s power gauge. So let the battery discharge to the cut-off point and then recharge. The power gauge will be recalibrated.

Battery Do's & Dont's:

Do's:

• Properly "condition" (fully charge/discharge for first 3 cycles) the battery when it is new. Keep the battery and the contact terminals clean.
• Avoid exposing the battery to extreme heat and cold.Use the battery. 
• If possible, avoid letting your battery sit dormant for long periods of time.
• Use only the phone options and accessories that you really need.
• Charge and re-condition a battery after an extended idle period.

Don'ts:

• Toss, drop, or otherwise abuse the battery. 
• Short-circuit the battery.
• Open and expose the cell contents.
• Modify the battery casing and/or housing.
• Allow the battery to be exposed to rain or excessive moisture.Incinerate a battery. 
• Properly dispose of a used battery.

Below is the table for different type of batteries and the best way to increase its life:
     

Battery care	Lead acid: Flooded, sealed, AGM	Nickel-based:NiCd, NiMH	Lithium-ion: Cobalt, manganese, phosphate
Best way to charge	Apply a saturated charge to prevent sulfation; can stay on charge with correct float charge.	Avoid getting battery too hot on charge. Do not leave battery in charger for more than a few days (memory!).	Partial and random charge is fine; does not need full charge; lower voltage limit preferred; keep battery cool.
Charge methods	Constant voltage to 2.40–2.45/cell, float at 2.25–2.30V/cell; battery stays cool; no fast charge possible. Charge  = 14h	Constant current, trickle charge at 0.05C, fast charge preferred. Slow charge  = 14h Rapid charge = 3h Fast charge   = 1h	Constant voltage to 4.20V/cell; no trickle charge; battery can stay in charger Rapid charge = 3h Fast charge = 1h
Discharge	Do not cycle starter batteries; avoid full discharges; always charge after use.	Do not over-discharge under heavy load; cell reversal causes short. Avoid full discharges.	Prevent full cycles, apply some charge after a full discharge to keep the protection circuit alive.
How to prolong battery	Limit deep cycling, apply topping charge every 6 months while in storage to prevent sulfation, keep cells at or above 2.10V	Do not keep battery in charger for more than a few days, discharge to 1V/cell every 1–3 months to prevent memory (NiCd)	Keep cool, battery lasts longest when operating in mid state-of-charge of 20–80%. Prevent ultra-fast charging and high loads.
Storage	Do not store below 2.10V/cell; keep fully charged if possible	Store in cool place; NiCd stores for 5 years; prime before use	Store at 40% charge in cool place (40% SoC reads 3.75–3.80V/cell)
Disposal	Do not dispose. Lead is a toxic metal	NiCd: Do not dispose. NiMH: Can be disposed in low volume	Can be disposed of in low volume

Samsung Mobile Codes, Tips and Tricks

 Samsung Mobile Codes, Tips and Tricks

1. IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity)

         Code:          *#06#
          
EX:    *#06#
       XXXXXX     XX     XXXXXX    X
         TAC      FAC     SNR     SP

TAC = Type approval code of your Samsung Mobile
FAC = Final assembly code of your cell phone
SNR = Serial Number of your Samsung Phone
SP = Spare

2. Reset Codes for different things

        Code:    *2767*JAVA#                     Java Reset and (Deletes all Java Midlets)
                    *2767*MEDIA#                   Reset Media (Deletes All Sounds and Pics)
                    *2767*WAP#                     Wap Reset
                    *2767*CUST#                   Reset Custom EEPR0M
                    *2767*FULL#                    Reset Full EEPR0M (Caution)

Note: The above codes may not work properly for all the mobiles

3. MASTER RESETL

             Code:                      #*7728#

           This will not delete anything from your mobile phone, but set each and everything to its default/standard setting as it was on the time of purchase.

4. Phone Unlock:

            Code                       *#9998*3323#
                            It will reset your phone. Push exit And then push 7, It will reset again. Put your other sim in and it will say sim lock,
type in 00000000 then it should be unlocked. Type in *0141# . Then the green call button and it's unlocked to all networks.
           This code may not work on the older phones and some of the Newer phones.If it doesn't work you will have to reset your phone without A sim in it
By typing *#2767*2878# or *#9998*3855# (not tested)


5. Other Samsung Codes

    *#9998*4357# Help Menu
     *#9998*5282# Java menu (GRPS/CSD settings for JAVA server)
    *#9999#0# Monitor Mode
    *#9999# or *#9998*9999# Software Version
    *#8888# or *#9998*8888# Hardware Version
    *#9998*746# or *#9998*0746# or *#0746# Sim Info’s
*#9998*523# or *#9998*0523# or *#0523# Display Contrast
 *#9998*842# or *#9998*0842# or *#0842# Vibration On (until You push OK)
*#9998*289# or *#9998*0289# or *#0289# Buzzer On (until you Push OK)
*#9998*288# or *#9998*0288# or *#0288# Battery & Field Info’s
 *#9998*377# or *#9998*0377# Error log
*#9998*778# or *#9998*0778# or *#0778# Sim Service table
 *#9998*782# show date and alarm clock
 *#8999*638# show network information
*#9998*5646# change operator logo at startup
 *#9998*76# production number
 *#9998*968# view melody for alarm
*#9998*585# Non-Volatile Memory (NVM)
*#3243948# Digital Audio Interference Off*#32436837# Digital Audio Interference on

6. Samsung Monte (S5620) special code

    Dial "*#0**# "on main screen (without quotes) to display some extra features

7. Samsung Galaxy Hard Reset Code

Hard Reset

Code Block

*2767*3855#

or

Factory Reset

Code Block

*#*#7780#*#*

Hard Reset : reformat the FirmWare, wipe out files and settings in internal memory.
Factory Reset: restore phone to factory settings, wipe out account, contact, application settings.

Jang Lahore: Daily Jang ePaper, Urdu Newspaper, Pakistan News, Page 1, 11-23-2015

Jang Lahore: Daily Jang ePaper, Urdu Newspaper, Pakistan News, Page 1, 11-23-2015

America V/s India (Greeku Veerudu) english sub title

  America V/s India (Greeku Veerudu) english sub title

The Movie Story Deals With Chandu a very selfish, self made and cut throat businessman in New York who runs a successful Event Organizing Agency and is aided by his uncle Sundar, friends Bharath and Maya. Chandu never believes in relationships and family bonding citing them as a mess to discard. He is always involved in romantic activities with many girls sans commitment.

Maya loves Chandu but as fate would have it, She marries Kamaraju, an aged yet wealthy doctor to rob his wealth. On the advice of Chandu, she applies for divorce and gets the money from him. However she realizes that Chandu dumped her and makes a plan to teach him a lesson.

She manipulates the terms and conditions of agreement entered between Chandu and another big businessman PR regarding organizing a charity show. According to the fraudulent terms since the show was unsuccessful, PR gets every right to recover the whole consignment amount from PR. Chandu lands in financial soup and is desperately in need of Money. Thus he finally decides to visit his grandparents in India who are hoping to meet him since years.

 Chandu recollects his past in the due course. Chandu's father Sanjay opposed his father Ramachandra Prasad and marries an NRI of his choice only to be expelled from the house. After Chandu was born, Sanjay dies. Ramachandra Prasad visits his daughter-in-law and invites her to come to India. After seeing his Maternal Grandfather insisting his mother to re-marry and his mother replying that she can't do it as she can't forget Sanjay. She tells to Chandu to not indulge in any relationships in order to avoid the pain and struggle in them. At the airport, he sees Sandhya, a humble doctor who works as a volunteer in Make A Wish Foundation to fulfill the last wishes of the children who are going to die soon. Being a clever scheme maker and soft talker, Chandu becomes friend with Sandhya who is his co-passenger to India.

He later goes to his Grandfather's home and studies the situations there. That family consists of His Grand parents, their two daughters, their Husbands who are employees in the company Ramakrishna Prasad runs and their kids. Both the nephews of Ramakrishna Prasad are incapable persons. To avoid some unexpected situations, Chandu lies that he is married. He plans to get 250 million from his father's trust and is successful. But to transfer such amount proofs should be enclosed that Chandu is married as Ramakrishna Prasad wishes to make Chandu's wife as one of the trustees of the trust.

Keyword Difficulty Analysis: How to Choose the right SEO keywords

Keyword Difficulty Analysis: How to Choose the right SEO keywords

T20 All-Star Match Video Highlights 2015

T20 All-Star Match 1 – Video Highlights

Three T20 matches exhibition matches will be played across three cities in United States with Sachin Tendulkar and Shane Warne captaining their respective teams of ex-cricketers. Here is the full schedule and how you can watch the matches live online. SkySports 3 will broadcast the game in the UK and we will have full match video highlights right here on this page.
T20 All-Star Match 1 – Video Highlights Match Highlights of the game 1 in All Star T20 series will be available after the match is over. So tune in here after the game for full match Highlights.
Highlights Videos for All-Star Game 1 are only available at the “starsports.com” website. We will try to find and place highlights here once made available online.
achin Tendulkar and Shane Warne bring cricket to United States with a three match T20 series to be played in three different venues across the states. Two dozen retired international cricketers will be part of the two squads which will be competing in New York, Houston and Los Angeles on 07 November, 11 and 14th November. We will have the live streams of all three games as well as highlights right here on this page.

Cricket All Star Series 2015 Schedule:

Below is the schedule of upcoming three T20 matches to be played in three different cities. We have listed the local time and the Uk time of every game. SkySports 3 will broadcast all three games.
Match#1
Saturday, 07 November 2015 – Time: 1:00pm EST (18:00 uk time)
Venue: Citifield Stadium, New York
Channel: SkySports 3 (UK)

Result Match # WIN  Team Shane Warne
Match#2
Saturday, 07 November 2015 – Time: 6:00pm Houston time (12:00 am uk time)
Venue: Minute Made Park, Houston
Match#3
Saturday, 07 November 2015 – Time: 6:30pm PST (02:30 Am uk time)
Venue: Dogders Stadium, Los Angeles
We will have the live streams of all three games right here on this page, links will be available 1 hour before the start of every game. Match highlights should also be available after the games.

Players Lineups For Both Team Sachin & Team Warne:

Number of ex-cricketers will be part of the three match tour of the states and below is the list of players in both teams.

Team Squads of All Star Cricket Series

Team Sachin Tendulkar	Team Shane Warne
Sachin Tendulkar (Captain)	Shane Warne (Captain)
Virender Sehwag	Matthew Hayden
VVS Laxman	Michael Vaughan
Sourav Ganguly	Ricky Ponting
Mahela Jayawardene	Jonty Rhodes
Carl Hooper	Jacques Kallis
Moin Khan	Andrew Symonds
Muttiah Murlitharan	Kumar Sangakara
Graeme Swann	Saqlain Mushtaq
Curtly Ambrose	Daniel Vettori
Shaun Pollock	Courtney Walsh
Glenn McGrath	Wasim Akram
Lance Klusener	Allan Donald
Shoaib Akhtar	Ajit Agarkar

PHP & MySQL Web Development Learning E-books Free Download

PHP & MySQL Web Development Learning E-books Free Download

So finally, the first freebie has come out of the box . As this blog aims to make you a perfect web developer, web designer and a professional webmaster who can manage their website easily and even I’ll be able to share on making money online. So regarding this all, I’ve planned to share every bit of information, and I’ll use different mediums of content such as Video Tutorials, Text articles, E-books and Presentations. The more you try to learn, the more you’ll succeed. And thus, today, I’ve come up with a great learning series of five PDF books on Web development and particularly on PHP & MySQL.

The free E-books that I’m sharing with you on this page are something that I truly appreciate the efforts have put by their authors. These books will help you become a web developer and even master in PHP. I myself LOVE to code in PHP and have been striving for last couple of months to transfer my knowledge, so every bit of useful information on web development I find, I try to share with you people. So let’s have a look at these 5 web development free e-books that I’m sharing with you here.

What can we learn by reading this PDF books?

• The essentials of PHP
• The essentials of MySQL
• The essentials of JavaScript & jQuery
• The OOP (Object Oriented Programming) in PHP
• Advanced PHP techniques with MySQL

Whether you are a beginner or at a good level in web development, but I can surely say you’ll find  something worth learning by reading these absolutely free PDF e-books.

Now just click below link to download the E-books in a ZIP file and don’t forget to extract the file after downloading:

Download 5 Web Development E-books

There are four PHP & MySQL e-books and one e-book is on JavaScript, so this stuff will make your professional skills more better to face upcoming challenges in the future.

What’s Next?

I’ve many collections of e-books which are the best and useful for everyone, so I’ll make sure to share HTML5, CSS3, jQuery and AJAX free e-books with you in near future, so you can love me more than you do

Have Fun and enjoy the Day! 
Sharing this post will make your life more brighter and shining, because helping more people actually create a place for you to be helped in the future. So go ahead and share it over all social networks with your friends. And thanks in advance for that.